Frecuentar lugares de barrios colindantes incide en el sentido psicológico de comunidad: estudio de caso en la ciudad de Sevilla (España)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55414/ap.v41i3.1550

Palabras clave:

Sentido Psicológico de Comunidad, Barrios de Residencia, Barrios Colindantes, Barrios Vulnerables, Lugares de Interacción Comunitaria

Resumen

Los barrios de residencia proporcionan contextos de riesgo y protección con importantes repercusiones en el bienestar subjetivo y la calidad de vida. Sin embargo, la investigación previa ha prestado escasa atención al impacto psicológico de las relaciones entre barrios. En este estudio exploramos la frecuentación de lugares de interacción en barrios colindantes y su repercusión en el sentido psicológico de comunidad. A través de un estudio de caso de cuatro barrios de la ciudad de Sevilla que difieren en su nivel de renta, comprobamos que los residentes de los barrios vulnerables suelen usar los servicios de los barrios aledaños con más recursos, especialmente cuando cuentan con servicios y lugares de interacción atractivos. Con una muestra de 225 residentes mostramos que el sentido psicológico de comunidad varía en función de los años de residencia en el barrio, el nivel socioeconómico y la frecuentación de lugares en los barrios colindantes. Los resultados podrían ser útiles en el diseño de estrategias efectivas de desarrollo comunitario.

Referencias

Acevedo-Garcia, D., Osypuk, T.L., Werbel, R.E., Meara, E.R., Cutler, D.M., & Berkman, L.F. (2004). Does housing mobility policy improve health? Housing Policy Debate, 15 (1), 49-98.

Anderson, G., Blair, R., & Shirk, J. (2018). Neighborhood associations and community development: Differences in needs and strategies. Community Development, 49(5), 504-521. https://doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2018.1529049

Arrigo, B.A., & Sellers, B.G. (2022). Psychological jurisprudence and the role of police psychology in community psychology. Police Psychology, 131-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816544-7.00007-3

Berke, E.M., Gottlieb, L.M., Moudon, A.V., & Larson, E.B. (2007). Protective association between neighborhood walkability and depression in older men. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 55(4), 526-533. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01108.x

Bernardo, F., & Palma-Oliveira, J.M. (2016). Urban neighbourhoods and intergroup relations: The importance of place identity. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 45, 239-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2016.01.010

Berrigan, D., & McKinnon, R. (2008). Built environment and health. Preventive Medicine, 47(3), 239-240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.07.010

Bowen, N.K., & Wretman, C.J. (2014). Rural neighborhoods and child aggression. American Journal of Community Psychology, 54(3-4), 304-3015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-014-9673-z

Brandes, U., & Wagner, D. (2004). Analysis and visualization of social networks. En M. Jünger & P. Mutzel (Eds.), Graph Drawing Software (pp. 321-340). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18638-7_15

Brodsky, A.E. (1996). Resilient single mothers in risky neighborhoods: Negative psychological sense of community. Journal of Community Psychology, 24(4), 347-363. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6629(199610)24:4%3C347::AID-JCOP5%3E3.0.CO;2-R

Brodsky, A.E. (2009). Multiple psychological senses of community in Afghan context: Exploring commitment and sacrifice in an underground resistance community. American Journal of Community Psychology, 44(3-4), 176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-009-9274-4

Brodsky, A.E., & Marx, C.M. (2001). Layers of identity: Multiple psychological senses of community within a community setting. Journal of Community Psychology, 29(2), 161-178. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(200103)29:2%3C161::AID-JCOP1011%3E3.0.CO;2-1

Campos, D., & García, C. (2004). Identidad y sociabilidad en las nuevas comunidades enrejadas: observando la construcción de la distancia social en Huechuraba. En G. Cáceres & F. Sabatini (Eds.), Barrios cerrados en Santiago de Chile: entre la exclusión y la integración residencial (pp. 179-207). Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.

Chamberlain, A. W., & Hipp, J. R. (2015). It's all relative: Concentrated disadvantage within and across neighborhoods and communities, and the consequences for neighborhood crime. Journal of Criminal Justice, 43(6), 431-443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2015.08.004

Cheng, L., & Espiritu, Y. (1989). Korean businesses in Black and Hispanic neighborhoods: A study of intergroup relations. Sociological Perspectives, 32(4), 521-534. https://doi.org/10.2307/1389136

Chipuer, H.M., & Pretty, G.M. (1999). A review of the sense of community index: Current uses, factor structure, reliability, and further development. Journal of Community Psychology, 27(6), 643-658. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6629(199911)27:6%3C643::AID-JCOP2%3E3.0.CO;2-B

Clampet-Lundquist, S., Edin, K., Kling, J.R., & Duncan, G.J. (2006). Moving at-risk teenagers out of high-risk neighborhoods: why girls fare better than boys. Princeton IRS Working Paper Series, 509. https://doi.org/10.1086/657352

Clear, T.R., & Montagnet, C.L. (2022). Impact of incarceration on community public safety and public health. En R.B. Greifinger (Ed.), Public health behind bars. From prisons to communities (pp. 13-29). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1807-3_2

Cofiño, R. (2013). Tú código postal es más importante para tu salud que tu código genético. Atención Primaria, 45(3), 127-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aprim.2013.02.001

Costa‐Lopes, R., Dovidio, J.F., Pereira, C.R., & Jost, J.T. (2013). Social psychological perspectives on the legitimation of social inequality: Past, present and future. European Journal of Social Psychology, 43(4), 229-237. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.1966

Del Conte, A., & Kling, J. (2001). A synthesis of MTO research on self-sufficiency, safety and health, and behavior and delinquency. Poverty Research News, 5(1), 3-6. https://users.nber.org/~kling/synthesis.pdf

Ellen, I.G., & Turner, M.A. (2003). Do neighborhoods matter and why? En J.M. Goering & J.D. Feins (Eds.), Choosing a Better Life? Evaluating the Moving to Opportunity Social Experiment (pp. 313-338). Urban Institute Press.

Evans, G. W. (2004). The environment of childhood poverty. American Psychologist, 59, 77-92. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.59.2.77

Flores, C. (2006). Consequências da segregação residencial: teoria e métodos. En J.M.P. da Cunha (Ed.), Novas Metrópoles Paulistas. População, vulnerabilidade e segregação (pp. 197-230). Campinas, Nepo-Unicamp.

Francis, J., Giles-Corti, B., Wood, L., & Knuiman, M. (2012). Creating sense of community: The role of public space. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(4), 401-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.07.002

Galster, G.C., & Killen, S.P. (1995). The geography of Metropolitan Opportunity: A reconnaissance and conceptual framework. Housing Policy Debate, 6(1), 7-43. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.1995.9521180

Gatica, K. (2004). Segregación residencial por condición socioeconómica y construcción de identidades territoriales: estudio comparativo de dos poblaciones de Santiago. En G. Cáceres & F. Sabatini (Eds.), Barrios cerrados en Santiago de Chile: entre la exclusión y la integración residencial (pp. 207-228). Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.

Goering, J. (2003). The impacts of new neighborhoods on poor families: Evaluating the policy implications of the Moving to Opportunity demonstration. Economic Policy Review, 9 (2), 113-140.

Goetz, E.G. (2004). Desegregation lawsuits and public housing dispersal: The case of Hollman v. Cisneros in Minneapolis. Journal of the American Planning Association, 70(3), 282-299. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944360408976379

González, F., Rodríguez, D. & Tironi, Μ. (2009). Integración socioespacial en comunidades de ingresos diversos. Investigación para el proyecto Ciudad Parque Bicentenario. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Instituto de Sociología.

Gracia, E., Fuentes, M.C., & García, F. (2010). Neighborhood risk, parental socialization styles and adolescent conduct problems. Psychosocial Intervention, 19, 265-278. https://doi.org/10.5093/in2010v19n3a7

Hadavi, S., Kaplan, R., & Hunter, M.C.R. (2015). Environmental affordances: A practical approach for design of nearby outdoor settings in urban residential areas. Landscape and Urban Planning, 134, 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.10.001

Hidalgo, R. (2004). De los pequeños condominios a la ciudad vallada: las urbanizaciones cerradas y la nueva geografía social en Santiago de Chile (1990-2000). EURE. Revista Latinoamericana de Espacios Urbanos Regionales, 30(91), 29-52.

Hombrados-Mendieta, I., & López-Espigares, T. (2014). Sense of community: Dimensions predicting residential quality of life in neighbourhoods with different socioeconomic status. Psychosocial Intervention, 23(3), 159-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psi.2014.08.001

Jason, L.A., Stevens, E., & Ram, D. (2015). Development of a three‐factor psychological sense of community scale. Journal of Community Psychology, 43(8), 973-985. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/jcop.21726

Javdani, S., Abdul-Adil, J., Suarez, L., Nichols, S.R., Farmer, A.D. (2014). Gender differences in the effects of community violence on mental health outcomes in a sample of low-income youth receiving psychiatric care. American Journal of Community Psychology, 53(3-4), 235-248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-014-9638-2

Kling, J.R., Liebman, J.B., & Katz, L.F. (2001). Bullets don’t got no name: Consequences of fear in the ghetto. Joint Center for Poverty Research Working Paper, 225.

Kling, J.R., Liebman, J.B., & Katz, L.F. (2007). Experimental analysis of neighborhood effects. Econometrica, 75(1), 83-119.

Kloos, B., Hill, J., Thomas, E., Wandersman, A., Elias, M.J. & Dalton, J.H. (2012). Community Psychology. Linking individuals and communities. Cengage Learning.

Kruger, D. J. (2008). Verifying the operational definition of neighborhood for the psychosocial impact of structural deterioration. Journal of Community Psychology, 36(1), 53-60. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20216

Larson, N.I., Story, M.T., & Nelson, M.C. (2009). Neighborhood environments: disparities in access to healthy foods in the US. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 36(1), 74-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.025

Leventhal, T., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2003). Moving to Opportunity: An experimental study of neighborhood effects on mental health. American Journal of Public Health, 93 (9), 1576-1582. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.93.9.1576

Li, W. W., Hodgetts, D., & Sonn, C. (2014). Multiple senses of community among older Chinese migrants to New Zealand. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 24(1), 26-36. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2174

Mannarini, T., & Fedi, A. (2009). Multiple senses of community: The experience and meaning of community. Journal of Community Psychology, 37(2), 211-227. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20289

Mannarini, T., Talò, C., Mezzi, M., & Procentese, F. (2018). Multiple senses of community and acculturation strategies among migrants. Journal of Community Psychology, 46(1), 7-22. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/jcop.21913

Márquez, F. (2003). Identidad y fronteras urbanas en Santiago de Chile. Psicologia em Revista, 10(14), 35-51.

Massey, D.S., & Denton, N.A. (1988). The dimensions of residential segregation. Social Forces, 67(2), 281-315.

Maya-Jariego, I. (2004). Sentido de comunidad y potenciación comunitaria. Apuntes de Psicología, 22(2), 187-211.

Maya Jariego, I. (2021). ¿Qué resulta efectivo en la prevención? En Isidro Maya-Jariego & Daniel Holgado (Eds.). Qué funciona en la prevención comunitaria: casos de intervención psicosocial efectiva, pp. 33-44. Madrid, Pirámide.

Maya-Jariego, I., & Armitage, N. (2007). Multiple senses of community in migration and commuting: The interplay between time, space and relations. International Sociology, 22(6), 743-766. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580907082259

Maya-Jariego, I., & Holgado, D. (2015). Living in the metropolitan area. Correlation of interurban mobility with the structural cohesion of personal networks and the originative sense of community. Psychosocial Intervention, 24(3), 185-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psi.2015.09.001

Maya Jariego, I., Holgado Ramos, D., Márquez López, E., & Santolaya Soriano, F.J. (2018). The community role of schools in Jicamarca and Villa El Salvador (Peru): Crosscutting behavior settings in personal networks. Psychosocial Intervention, 27(1), 1-11. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.5093/pi2018a3

Maya-Jariego, I., Letina, S. & González-Tinoco, E. (2020). Personal networks and psychological attributes: Exploring individual differences in personality and sense of community and their relationship to the structure of personal networks. Network Science, 8(2), 168-188. https://doi.org/10.1017/nws.2019.15

McCarty, C. (2002). Structure in personal networks. Journal of Social Structure, 3, 20.

Morandé, A. (2007). Integración social en el espacio y posibilidades de convivencia entre grupos de altos y bajos ingresos. Tesis presentada para la obtención del grado de Magíster en Desarrollo Urbano en el Instituto de Estudios Urbanos de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago.

Morandé, M.A. (2008). Integración social en el espacio y posibilidades de convivencia entre grupos de bajos y altos ingresos. El caso de El Bosque de la Villa en las Condes. Revista CIS. Centro de Investigación Social, 8(11), 3-14.

Musterd, S., & Ostendorf, W. (2006). Segregation, concentration and integration. Critical reflexions on policies and perceptions. The Indian Geographical Journal, 81(2), 81-84.

Orr, L., Feins, J.D., Jacob, R., Beecroft, E., Sanbonmatsu, L., Katz, L.F., Liebman, J.B., & King, J.R. (2003). Moving to Opportunity: Interim impacts evaluation. US Department of Housing and Urban Development.

Pei, F., Yoon, S., Maguire-Jack, K., & Lee, M.Y. (2022). Neighborhood influences on early childhood behavioral problems: Child maltreatment as a mediator. Child Abuse & Neglect, 123, 105391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105391

Pettit, B., & McLanahan, S. (2001). Social dimensions of Moving to Opportunity. Poverty Research News, 5(1), 7-10. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4148798

Quillian, L. (2014). Social psychological processes in studies of neighborhoods and inequality. En J.D. McLeod, E.J. Lawler, & M. Schwalbe (Eds.), Handbook of the Social Psychology of Inequality (pp. 459-482). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9002-4_19

Rasse, A. (2015). Juntos pero no revueltos. Procesos de integración social en fronteras residenciales entre hogares de distinto nivel socioeconómico. EURE. Revista Latinoamericana de Espacios Urbanos Regionales, 41(122), 125-143.

Robinson, D., & Wilkinson, D. (1995). Sense of community in a remote mining town: Validating a neighborhood cohesion scale. American Journal of Psychology, 23, 137-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02506926

Rosenbaum, E. (2001). The social context of new neighborhoods among MTO Chicago families. Poverty Research News, 5(1), 16-19.

Rosembaum, J., Reynolds, L., & Deluca, S. (2002). How do places matter? The geography of opportunity, self-efficacy and a look inside the black box of residential mobility. Housing Studies, 17(1), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673030120105901

Ross, A., & Searle, M. (2019). A conceptual model of leisure time physical activity, neighborhood environment, and sense of community. Environment and Behavior, 51(6), 749-781. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916517751582

Roux, A.D., & Mair, C. (2010). Neighborhoods and health. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186(1), 125-145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05333.x

Rubinowitz, L.S., & Rosenbaum, J.E. (2000). Crossing the Class and Color Lines: From Public Housing to White Suburbia. University of Chicago Press.

Sabatini, F. & Cáceres, G. (2004). Los barrios cerrados y la ruptura del patrón tradicional de segregación en las ciudades latinoamericanas: el caso de Santiago de Chile. En G. Cáceres & F. Sabatini (Eds.), Los barrios cerrados en Santiago de Chile: entre la exclusión y la integración social (pp. 9-43). Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.

Sabatini, F., & Salcedo, R. (2007). Gated communities and the poor in Santiago, Chile: Functional and symbolic integration in a context of aggressive capitalist colonization of lower-class areas. Housing Policy Debate, 18(3), 577-606. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2007.9521612

Sabatini, F., Salcedo, R., & Wormald, G. (2008). Barrios en crisis y barrios exitosos producto de la política de vivienda social en Chile. Santiago, Conicyt, Programa Anillos de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales.

Sabatini, F., Wormald, G., Sierralta, C.J., & Peters, P. (2010). Segregación residencial en Santiago: Tendencias 1992-2002 y efectos vinculados con su escala geográfica. En F. Sabatini, R. Salcedo, G. Wormald & G. Cáceres (Eds.), Tendencias de la segregación en las principales ciudades chilenas. Análisis censal 1982-2002 (pp.19-41). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

Salcedo, R., & Torres, A. (2004). Gated communities in Santiago: Wall or frontier? International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 28(1), 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0309-1317.2004.00501.x

Sampson, R.J. (2009). Disparity and diversity in the contemporary city: Social (dis)order revisited. The Brithish Journal of Sociology, 60(1), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01211.x

Sampson, R.J., Morenoff, J.D., & Gannon-Rowley, T. (2002). Assessing “neighborhood effects”: Social processes and new directions in research. Annual Review of Sociology, 28(1), 443-478. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.28.110601.141114

Sampson, R.J., Raudenbush, S.W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.277.5328.918

Schmid, K., Hewstone, M., & Ramiah, A.A. (2013). Neighborhood diversity and social identity complexity: Implications for intergroup relations. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 4(2), 135-142. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/1948550612446972

Scotto di Luzio, S., Isoard‐Gautheur, S., Ginoux, C., & Sarrazin, P. (2019). Exploring the relationship between sense of community and vigor in workplace community: The role of needs satisfaction and physical activity. Journal of Community Psychology, 47(6), 1419-1432. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22195

Shelton, T., & Poorthuis, A. (2019). The nature of neighborhoods: Using big data to rethink the geographies of Atlanta’s neighborhood planning unit system. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 109(5), 1341-1361. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2019.1571895

Shinn, M. & Toohey, S. (2003). Community contexts of human welfare. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 427-459. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145052

Sierralta, C.R. (2011). Efectos sociales de la segregación residencial. Los jóvenes de Santiago de Chile (1992-2002). Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores de México.

Song, S., Lim, M.S., Richards, D.R., & Tan, H.T.W. (2022). Utilization of the food provisioning service of urban community gardens: Current status, contributors and their social acceptance in Singapore. Sustainable Cities and Society, 76, 103368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103368

Toohey, A.M., McCormack, G.R., Doyle-Baker, P.K., Adams, C.L., & Rock, M.J. (2013). Dog-walking and sense of community in neighborhoods: Implications for promoting regular physical activity in adults 50 years and older. Health & Place, 22, 75-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2013.03.007

Torres, F.J. (2013). Segregación urbana y exclusión social en Sevilla. El paradigma Polígono Sur. Fundación Focus-Abengoa.

Vidal, T., Berroeta, H., Di Masso, A., Valera, S., & Pero, M. (2013). Place attachment, place identity, sense of community, and local civic participation in an urban renewal context. Estudios de Psicologia, 34(3), 275-286. https://doi.org/10.1174/021093913808295172

Völker, B., Flap, H., & Lindenberg, S. (2006). When are neighbourhoods communities? Community in Dutch neighbourhoods. European Sociological Review, 23(1), 99-114. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcl022

Wandersman, A., & Nation, M. (1998). Urban neighborhoods and mental health: Psychological contributions to understanding toxicity, resilience, and interventions. American Psychologist, 53(6), 647. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0003-066X.53.6.647

Wickes, R., Hipp, J., Sargeant, E., & Mazerolle, L. (2017). Neighborhood social ties and shared expectations for informal social control: Do they influence informal social control actions?. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 33, 101-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-016-9285-x

Wood, L., Frank, L.D., & Giles-Corti, B. (2010). Sense of community and its relationship with walking and neighborhood design. Social Science & Medicine, 70(9), 1381-1390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.01.021

Descargas

Publicado

16/10/2023 — Actualizado el 24/10/2023

Versiones

Cómo citar

Maya-Jariego, I., González-Tinoco, E., & Muñoz-Alvis, A. (2023). Frecuentar lugares de barrios colindantes incide en el sentido psicológico de comunidad: estudio de caso en la ciudad de Sevilla (España). Apuntes De Psicología, 41(3), 137-151. https://doi.org/10.55414/ap.v41i3.1550 (Original work published 2023)

Artículos similares

1-10 de 1036

También puede Iniciar una búsqueda de similitud avanzada para este artículo.

Artículos más leídos del mismo autor/a