Musicoterapia en pacientes de unidades de grandes quemados: un estudio cualitativo sobre experiencias de recuperación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70478/apuntes.psi.2025.43.32Palabras clave:
Grandes quemados, Musicoterapia , Dolor, Ansiedad, Intervención cualitativaResumen
Antecedentes: Los pacientes ingresados en unidades de grandes quemados enfrentan importantes desafíos físicos, emocionales y sociales. La musicoterapia (MT) se postula como una intervención complementaria capaz de aliviar el dolor, reducir la ansiedad y promover el bienestar psicológico. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo longitudinal con 14 pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Grandes Quemados del Hospital Universitario “Virgen del Rocío” de Sevilla. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas antes y después de la intervención con MT, y se aplicó análisis temático de contenido. Resultados: Los participantes describieron la MT como una herramienta útil para aliviar el dolor y mejorar su estado emocional. Se observaron mejoras en la motivación para la rehabilitación, percepción de apoyo social y disminución del aislamiento emocional. Las sesiones con participación activa se valoraron especialmente. Sin embargo, se identificaron limitaciones derivadas del estado físico o emocional de algunos pacientes. Conclusiones: La MT puede ser un recurso terapéutico eficaz para la recuperación psicoemocional de pacientes grandes quemados. Su implementación en contextos hospitalarios puede favorecer una mejor adaptación y reducir el impacto negativo del aislamiento, aunque se requieren más estudios para evaluar su eficacia a largo plazo.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Samuel Arias Sánchez, Cristina Cruz Ordóñez, Carmen López Chaves, Francisco Javier Saavedra Macías, Francisco David Rodríguez Vela
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
