La relevancia de la cognición social en la esquizofrenia
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https://doi.org/10.55414/ywjb7717Palabras clave:
Esquizofrenia, Cognición social, Percepción social, Teoría de la menteResumen
La investigación realizada en los últimos años ha mostrado la existencia de una correlación entre los déficits cognitivos y el funcionamiento social en esquizofrenia. Mientras que los déficits en la atención, la memoria y el funcionamiento ejecutivo han sido ampliamente estudiados, se ha puesto menos atención a la investigación en cognición social. Sin embargo, la cognición social se está convirtiendo en el foco de interés porque la evidencia empírica está mostrando su relevancia funcional como variable mediadora entre neurocognición y el nivel de funcionamiento social del paciente con esquizofrenia. En consecuencia, se han desarrollado nuevas intervenciones centradas en los componentes clave de la cognición social que están deteriorados en la esquizofrenia (procesamiento emocional, percepción social, teoría de la mente, esquemas sociales/conocimiento social y estilo atribucional), con el objetivo de mejorar el funcionamiento cognitivo social. Los objetivos de este trabajo son: sintetizar cuál es la concepto actual de cognición social, indicar cuáles son los componentes que incluye, presentar algunos de los instrumentos disponibles para evaluar la cognición social y revisar los programas de intervención más destacados que están dirigidos a mejorar la cognición social en las personas con esquizofrenia.
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