The Impostor Phenomenon in Musicians: CIPS Validation in Spanish Musicians and its Relationship with Flow State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70478/apuntes.psi.2025.43.25Keywords:
Impostor Phenomenon, Flow State, Music Performance, CIPSAbstract
Introduction: The impostor phenomenon is characterised by the experience of feelings of inadequacy or fraud about one's own abilities despite the accomplishments a person may achieve. The main objectives were to adapt the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale to musicians in the Spanish state, as well as to study the relationship between Impostor Syndrome and Flow State. Methods: 204 musicians with a mean age of 35 years. Three models were tested using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis procedure. Descriptive analyses, t-tests for independent samples and one-factor ANOVA, and Pearson correlations were performed. Results: Good fit indices were obtained for all three models. Most of the musicians (91%) showed moderate to intense experiences of Impostor Syndrome, the levels were higher in females, and its correlation with Flow State was moderately negative (r = -.36). Discussion: The results obtained are similar to previous studies. The higher level of Impostor Syndrome in women was in line with studies conducted in different fields, including music. Limitations and future lines of research are presented.
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